Law,education and scientific research help the development of acupuncture and moxibustion
The application of traditional Chinese medicine in Turkey is mainly acupuncture and moxibustion.In the 1950s,after receiving acupuncture training in China,Dr.kayir doy with the foundation of modern medical education opened the first acupuncture clinic in Istanbul at the invitation of the Turkish ambassador to France in the 1960s.In 1986,nüzhet ziyal and Dr.BAHA Celik established Akupunktur dernei,the first Acupuncture Association in Turkey.In the same year,Istanbul also established the Acupuncture Association,which marked the beginning of the development of acupuncture in Turkey.
In 1991,Turkey published the first edition of the regulations on the implementation of acupuncture and moxibustion through the state organ newspaper,which covers not only electroacupuncture and traditional acupuncture,but also laser acupuncture;The regulations require the establishment of a higher Committee on acupuncture and moxibustion for the certification and training of acupuncture practitioners.
In 2002,the regulations on the implementation of private health care institutions of acupuncture therapy were promulgated.The new regulations abolished the high Committee on acupuncture and established the Scientific Committee on acupuncture and moxibustion.Since 2014,acupuncture and moxibustion,together with other complementary and alternative therapies,have been controlled by the regulations on traditional and complementary medical practice.The biggest change in the regulations is to limit the practitioners of acupuncture and moxibustion to doctors and dentists.In addition,the clinical scientific research of acupuncture and moxibustion is also governed by the detailed rules for the implementation of clinical trials of traditional and supplementary medicine issued in 2019.However,acupuncture therapy has not been included in Turkey's medical insurance.
It is worth noting that cupping therapy is also officially recognized in the regulations on the practice of traditional and supplementary medicine and the detailed rules for the implementation of clinical trials of traditional and supplementary medicine.
At present,TCM Education in Turkey still focuses on acupuncture and moxibustion.In 1996,trakaya University invited the society of acupuncture and moxibustion to conduct 420 hours of acupuncture and moxibustion training for 25 doctors and issue completion certificates.This is the first acupuncture and moxibustion training course held in Turkey.
After the promulgation of the 2002 version of the regulations,Ankara gaz University,Garan pashe Medical College,Istanbul murania teaching and research hospital and other institutions successively held acupuncture classes.This kind of study class is held twice a year,and 25 doctors are trained in each period.After completing 500 class hours and passing the examination,the doctors will receive the completion certificate,and can open an acupuncture clinic with this certificate.
After 2014,general practitioners who have received six years of medical education can officially practice after receiving relevant traditional and complementary therapy training for 3~5 years.These acupuncture training for professional doctors has promoted the development of traditional Chinese medicine in Turkey.
In 1982,China's State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine hosted an International Workshop on Chinese herbal medicine,which was the first Chinese herbal medicine course attended by Turkish representatives since the founding of new China.In 1995,under the auspices of then president Suleiman Demirel,Istanbul held the"international acupuncture conference of the World Federation of Acupuncture Societies".In 2007,the world acupuncture Federation and the China Turkey Friendship Association reached a consensus in Beijing to help the development of TCM acupuncture and moxibustion in Turkey by means of medical treatment,teaching and other cooperation.In 2019,the world acupuncture Federation held an international academic seminar on acupuncture and moxibustion in Ankara,the capital of Turkey.With the theme of"international consensus on acupuncture and complementary medicine",the conference attracted nearly 1000 experts and scholars in medical and educational fields from 39 countries and regions.
It is suggested to strengthen the dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine theory and give full play to the characteristics and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine
In 1991,acupuncture and moxibustion entered a relatively rapid development stage after being officially recognized by Turkey.The promulgation of relevant laws and regulations has further standardized the scientific research and clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion;The development of Acupuncture Society and regular training provides a guarantee for the cultivation of acupuncture talents.However,due to the lack of traditional Chinese medicine theory education in Turkey,the practical application of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy is relatively simple,and it is impossible to use traditional Chinese medicine theory to deal with complex diseases.
In order to promote the development of acupuncture and moxibustion in Turkey,Zhao Jing's team put forward two suggestions:first,pay attention to the dissemination of TCM theory and connotation in the translation of acupuncture and moxibustion materials.For example,the translation of"Qi she acupoint"should not only indicate its international code,but also convey the meaning of its Chinese acupoint name"Qi she",so that practitioners can learn more TCM theories and deepen their understanding while mastering acupuncture points.
Second,strengthen exchanges and cooperation in clinical application and research of acupuncture and moxibustion and share achievements.For example,to jointly carry out acupuncture research on gynecological and andrological diseases commonly used in Turkey;Share the latest domestic research and guidelines in time,so as to deepen the understanding of Turkish doctors on acupuncture treatment of common diseases,expand the application of acupuncture and moxibustion in Turkey for chronic and complex diseases,and further strengthen the promotion of acupuncture and moxibustion.
The research shows that the development of traditional Chinese medicine in Turkey can be described as both difficulties and opportunities.On the one hand,Turks have a high acceptance of herbal therapy.Among the people receiving complementary and alternative therapy,59%will use herbal therapy,which lays a foundation for the entry of traditional Chinese medicine into the Turkish market.On the other hand,the Turkish people have insufficient understanding of traditional Chinese medicine,especially in the safety,effectiveness,modern development and research of traditional Chinese medicine.Unlike acupuncture and moxibustion,traditional Chinese medicine has no legislative and educational support in Turkey at this stage and cannot be imported into Turkey as a drug.
According to the actual situation of the country,Zhao Jing's team put forward two suggestions.First,Chinese traditional medicine follows the Pharmacopoeia of the people's Republic of China,and Turkey uses the European Pharmacopoeia.Previous studies have found that the two have different quality requirements for the same herbal medicine and different quality detection methods.For example,the European Pharmacopoeia requires the description of the fiber characteristics of Bupleurum powder,the model of chromatographic column and the proportion of mobile phase.Therefore,in the process of traditional Chinese medicine research and development,the European Pharmacopoeia should be referred to to clarify the differences,Eliminate hidden dangers for the promotion of traditional Chinese medicine.Secondly,through the spread of the Silk Road,China and Turkey have many overlaps in traditional drugs,so the two countries can carry out cooperative research based on this.In the process of cooperation,while strengthening Turkish doctors'understanding of traditional Chinese medicine,it can also strengthen Chinese doctors'understanding of Turkish traditional medicine and relevant policies,so as to prepare for the promotion of other traditional Chinese medicine.
At the same time,Zhao Jing's team also suggested giving full play to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine for the high incidence of diseases in Turkey.Research shows that ischemic heart disease,stroke and lung cancer are the common causes of death in Turkey,and traditional Chinese medicine has a certain effect on its treatment,and relevant scientific research results and guidelines have been obtained.In addition,the diseases with high incidence in Turkey and poor curative effect of Western medicine can also be used as the entry point for the development of traditional Chinese medicine in Turkey.For example,Behcet's disease was first reported in Turkey,which is a high incidence area(119.8 people/100000 people).In this regard,western medicine often uses immunosuppressants for treatment,but the price is expensive and the condition is easy to repeat.Behcet's disease is often classified into the category of fox confusion in traditional Chinese medicine.The earliest record can be seen in the synopsis of the golden chamber,in which there are records of the treatment of prescription medicine(licorice Xiexin Decoction).At present,relevant studies have confirmed that the effective rate of TCM syndrome differentiation prescriptions in the treatment of Behcet's disease is high and the recurrence rate is low.based on this,the two countries can jointly carry out relevant research and treatment of Behcet's disease and promote the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine.